Jordanian Journal of Informatics and Computing

ISSN: 3080-6828 (Online)

Solar-Powered Wireless Mesh Streetlight Monitoring System for Smart Cities

by 

Mahmood A. Al-Shareeda ;

Ahmed Thabet Abdul-Wahid ;

Atheer Hani Dinar ;

Hussein Mohammed Mustafa ;

Wael Salman Jabbar

PDF logoPDF

Published: 2026/10/31

Abstract

Urban road lighting is a large-scale municipal controllable energy source with enormous room for optimization. At present, most already deployed street lamps still operate on fixed schedules, maintaining uniform full brightness across all time periods regardless of actual lighting demand. The solar-powered smart street lamp platform developed in this project is adapted for smart city scenarios, integrates core functional modules including renewable energy collection and adaptive dimming, and is equipped with an ESP32 controller, light sensors, and motion sensing hardware. It enables intelligent operation, comprehensively improving the efficiency, safety, and maintain-ability of street lamps. The core objective of the solar-powered connected smart streetlight system designed in this study is to leverage a wireless network architecture and management control dashboard to achieve synchronized reporting of the status, power level, and charging data of large-scale streetlight deployments, as well as fault alarms, to support remote management and control for operation and maintenance personnel. We built a prototype and completed three tests: adaptive brightness control reduced energy consumption from 288Wh to 108Wh, marking a 62.5% energy saving; motion-triggered lighting registered an average response time of 180ms and a detection success rate of 97.9%; the Blynk-based remote monitoring function recorded an average cloud latency of 245ms and a connection availability rate of 99.7%. This system can substantially cut energy consumption and improve the visibility and response efficiency of operation and maintenance efforts for smart cities.

Keywords

Solar-powered street lightingSmart citiesWireless mesh networksInternet of Things (IoT)ESP32 micro-controllerAdaptive lighting controlEnergy efficiencyRemote monitoring.

Solar-Powered Wireless Mesh Streetlight Monitoring System for Smart Cities is licensed under CC BY 4.0CCBY

References

  1. Kim, J. H., & Kim, M. J. (2025). Analysis of urban management information technology systems: Ubiquitous City, Smart City, Metaverse, and Digital Twin. International Journal of Urban Sciences, 30(2), 273–293. https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2025.2452501
  2. Puzio, E., Drożdż, W., & Kolon, M. (2025). The Role of Intelligent Transport Systems and Smart Technologies in Urban Traffic Management in Polish Smart Cities. Energies, 18(10), 2580. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102580
  3. Al-Rimawi, T., & Nadler, M. (2025). Leveraging Smart City Technologies for Enhanced Real Estate Development: An Integrative Review. Smart Cities, 8(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8010010
  4. Hassine, L., Quadar, N., Ledmaoui, Y., Chaibi, H., Saadane, R., Chehri, A., & Jakimi, A. (2025). Enhancing smart grid security in smart cities: A review of traditional approaches and emerging technologies. Applied Energy, 398, 126430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126430
  5. Hassine, L., Chaibi, H., Quadar, N., Saadane, R., & Jakimi, A. (2026). A Graph Isomorphism Network-Based Deep Learning Approach to Mitigate Smart Contract Vulnerabilities in Smart Grids. IEEE Network, 40(2), 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3631390
  6. Choudhary, V., Guha, P., Pau, G., & Mishra, S. (2025). An overview of smart agriculture using internet of things (IoT) and web services. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 26, 100607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2025.100607
  7. Kołaczek, G. (2025). Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies in Cybersecurity: Challenges and Opportunities. Applied Sciences, 15(6), 2935. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15062935
  8. Vadi, S. (2025). Design and Implementation of an Off-Grid Smart Street Lighting System Using LoRaWAN and Hybrid Renewable Energy for Energy-Efficient Urban Infrastructure. Sensors, 25(17), 5579. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25175579
  9. V, M., R, R., M, R., S, S., S, S., & C, M. K. (2025). IoT-Enabled Solar-Based Smart Street Lighting System Using ESP32 and Cloud Platforms. 2025 6th International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA), 754–759. https://doi.org/10.1109/icirca65293.2025.11089762
  10. Nayak, S., Kumar, A., Singh, N., Suwalka, A. K., Ajmera, S., & Sultaniya, S. (2025). Development of IoT Based Smart Crop and Pest Management System for Sustainable Smart Farming. 2025 6th International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA), 395–400. https://doi.org/10.1109/icirca65293.2025.11089729
  11. Chew, I., Karunatilaka, D., Tan, C. P., & Kalavally, V. (2017). Smart lighting: The way forward? Reviewing the past to shape the future. Energy and Buildings, 149, 180–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.04.083
  12. ur Rehman, A., Alblushi, I. G. M., Zia, M. F., Khalid, H. M., Inayat, U., Benbouzid, M., Muyeen, S. M., & Hussain, G. A. (2025). A solar-powered multi-functional portable charging device (SPMFPCD) with internet-of-things (IoT)-based real-time monitoring—An innovative scheme towards energy access and management. Green Technologies and Sustainability, 3(1), 100134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.grets.2024.100134
  13. Zailani, N. F., Sarnin, S. S., Mad Tan, M. N., Naim, N. F., Dohad, M. R., S Abdul Kadir, R. S., Saipul, N. S., & Baharudin Zamani, Z. (2025). Smart Solar LED Street Light with ESP32 Camera Module. Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics, 30, 53–59. https://doi.org/10.5954/icarob.2025.os1-7
  14. Talib, A. H., AL-Nakkash, A. H., Wadday, A. G., Abed, A. A., & Al-Shareeda, M. A. (2026). Real-Time Spectrum Sensing on an RTL-SDR-Based IoT Platform. International Journal of Cybersecurity Engineering and Innovation, 2026(1).
  15. Almaiah, M., Khraisat, A., & Mamodiya, U. (2026). A Hybrid Post-Quantum Cryptographic Framework for Secure 5G/6G and Massive IoT Networks. Journal of Information and Cybersecurity, 2026(1), 45-57.